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Showing posts with the label etiology

Tooth Staining and Discoloration: a review of literature. Part I: Etiology and Classification

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Dental News Volume XXII, Number IV, December, 2015 By  Dr. Sawsan Nasreddine ,   Dr. Fida Sayah,  Dr. Fady Kassir,  and  Pr. Mounir Doumit ,  of the  Lebanese University,  School of Dentistry Abstract Discoloration of the tooth can erode the sparkle from a smile. There are many factors that contribute to tooth staining. It is important to understand that in some cases staining can be prevented but in others it cannot.  There are two types of tooth discoloration: extrinsic which affects teeth from the outside and intrinsic which affects the teeth from the inside. The purpose of this article is to review literature on the etiologies and classification of tooth staining and discoloration. Key words:  Etiology, classification, extrinsic discoloration, intrinsic discoloration Introduction The appearance of the dentition is of concern to a large number of people seeking dental treatment and the color of the...

Oral Ulcers in Infants and Children - Part I: General Points and Clinical Examination

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Dr. Sawsan Nasreddine, BDS, DESS Pediatric Dentistry, DESS Public Health Dentistry, Department of Public Health Dentistry. Dr. Antoine Cassia, Dr. Chir. Dent., Dr. Sc. Odont., DUPRMF, Associate Professor and Former Chairperson, Department of Oral Pathology and Diagnosis, Director of LASER Unit. Lebanese University School of Dentistry, Beirut. Abstract This paper describes the basic principles of assessing pediatric dental patient with oral isolated or multiple oral ulcers. History should include significant medical and social facts as well as dental problems. Initial extra-oral examination covers visual appearance of patient’s Head and Neck region. Intra-oral examination let us understand the significance of features of ulcers such as form, site and pain.  Keywords Ulcer, etiology, generalities, extra-oral examination, intra-oral examination, diagnosis, and clinical features. Introduction Oral ulcers in infants and chil...